Reconocimiento geológico y evaluación preliminar de peligrosidad del volcán Tacaná, Guatemala/México
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Tacaná (Guatemala/México) es el volcán más noroccidental del eje volcánico de Centro América. Está constituido por andesitas silícicas de afinidad alcalina cálcica y enriquecimiento moderado de K. No hay indicios de erupciones magmáticas del Tacaná en tiempos históricos, pero el volcán muestra un patrón de breves períodos de actividad fumarólica y freática con intervalos de un cuarto de siglo a medio siglo entre sí. El último período de actividad fumarólica/freática comenzó en diciembre de 1985 y continuó al inicio de la preparación del presente informe (1988). En febrero, mayo y junio de 1986 ocurrieron pequeñas erupciones. Un análisis de las cenizas emitidas indica que estas erupciones fueron freáticas. La actividad magmática es muy posible en el futuro y puede ocurrir de acuerdo con escenarios basados en la actividad de volcanes similares (Arenal, Santa María, Sto Helens) y podría ocasionar considerables daños. Se presentan un mapa fotogeológico y dos mapas de riesgo volcánico. Se puede prever que la dispersión de las cenizas que sean emitidas en el futuro dependerá de la época del año en que la dirección de los vientos sea predominante.
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