Petrographic and geochemical evidence for determining the provenance of the Nari Formation, Pakistan
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Las características geoquímicas y petrográficas de la Formación Nari (FN) han sido examinadas en detalle en la sección de Haji Haroon, situada en la Cuenca del Bajo Indo (LIB), en la Cordillera Laki del Norte, aproximadamente a 20 kilómetros al sur de la aldea de Therhi, en Sehwan Sharif. La FN está compuesta predominantemente por arenisca, arcillas multicolores, lutita y caliza en la sección de Haji Haroon. El análisis geoquímico de los elementos mayores mediante Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido con Espectrometría de Energía Dispersiva automatizada (SEM-EDS automatizado) revela que el cuarzo es el mineral dominante en todas las areniscas estudiadas, alcanzando entre un 75% y un 90% en su composición. El segundo mineral en abundancia es la calcita, cuya proporción varía entre muestras. En la parte basal de la FN, la muestra etiquetada como HHS-02 consiste en caliza calcítica, con un contenido de calcita superior al 85% en peso (%). Los estudios previos en la Cuenca del Bajo Indo sugieren que las partes basal y superior de la Formación Nari se formaron en ambientes fluviales. Sin embargo, nuestro estudio contradice estos paradigmas previos y proporciona nuevas perspectivas sobre el ambiente deposicional de la FN. Los análisis petrográficos, SEM-EDS y las observaciones de campo indican que la FN en la sección de Haji Haroon, en la Cordillera Laki del Norte, no es exclusivamente de origen fluvial. En cambio, la parte basal de la formación tiene un origen marino, mientras que la parte superior es de origen fluvial. La parte basal se caracteriza por ambientes transicionales, que podrían corresponder a depósitos deltaicos o de playa, debido a la presencia significativa tanto de cuarzo como de calcita. Las muestras presentan un alto contenido de cuarzo, lo que permite clasificarlas como arenitas cuarzosas. A partir de la morfología de los granos clásticos de cuarzo, se ha determinado que los sedimentos probablemente se originaron en las tierras altas del oeste en lugar del Himalaya septentrional o del escudo índico, con base en la identificación de fragmentos de roca preexistentes.
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