A key problem in the numerical model of tropical cyclones.
Main Article Content
Abstract
A difficulty in previous numerical experiments on development of tropical cyclones based upon Navier·Stokes hydrodynamic equations is that the growth of cumulus-scale convections in a conditionally unstable atmosphere is so enormous that eventually it obscures large scale motions in the system (Kasahara, 1961; Syono, 1962). It is evident that this growth is not due to a "computational" instability which arises from an incorrect formulation of finite difference equations, but is due to a "physical" instability caused by the released latent heat of condensation in the convective cells.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
ELIASSEN, A. 1952. Slow Thermally or Frictionally Controlled Meridional Circulations in a Circular Vortex. Astrophysica Norvegica, 5(2) : 19-60.
----. 1959. On the Formation of Fronts in the Atmosphere. In The Atmosphere and the Sea in Motion. New York (The Rockefeller Institute Press), pp. 227-287.
KASAHARA, A. 1961. A Numerical Experiment on the Development of a Tropical Cyclone. Jour. Meteorology, 18 : 259-282. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1961)018<0259:ANEOTD>2.0.CO;2
----. 1962. The Development of Forced Convection caused by the Released Latent Heat of Condensation in a Hydrostatic Atmosphere. Proc. International Sympos. Numer. Weather Prediction Tokyo (Nov. 7-13, 1960), pp. 387-403.
Kuo, H. L. 1960. On Initiation of Tropical Depressions and Convection in a Conditionally Unstable Atmosphere. National Hurricane Research Project No. 40, U. S. Weather Bureau.
----. 1962. On the Controlling Influences of Eddy Diffusion on Thermal Convection. Jour. Atmosphere. Sciences, 19 : 236-243. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1962)019<0236:OTCIOE>2.0.CO;2
LlLLY, D. K. 1960. On the Theory of Disturbances in a Conditionally Unstable Atmosphere. Mo. Weather Rev., 88 : 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1960)088<0001:OTTODI>2.0.CO;2
MALKUS, J. C., C. RONNE, & M. CHAFFE. 1961. Cloud Patterns in Hurricane Daisy 1958. Tellus, 13 : 8-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2153-3490.1961.tb00062.x
OGURA, Y. & J. G. CHARNEY. 1952. A Numerical Model of Thermal Convection in the Atmosphere. Proc. International Sympos. Numer. Weather Prediction, Tokyo, (Nov. 7-13, 1960), pp. 387-403.
OOYAMA, K. 1963. A Dynamic Model for the Study of Tropical Cyclone Development. Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, New York University.
RIEHL, H. & J. MALKUS. 1961. Some Aspects of Hurricane Daisy, 1958. Tellus, 13 : 181-213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2153-3490.1961.tb00077.x
SPIEGEL, E. A. 1962. A Generalization of the Mixing-Length Theory of Turbulent Convection. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/147628
SYONO, S. 1962. A Numerical Experiment of the Formation of Tropical Cyclones. Proc. International Sympos. Numer. Weather Preditcion, Tokyo (Nov. 7-13,1960), pp. 405-418.