Detection of ionospheric response to earthquakes in Mexico: case study of September 8, 2021 and September 19, 2022
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Resumen
Exploramos la posibilidad de detectar perturbaciones ionosféricas después de dos terremotos (EQ) (Mw > 7) registrados el 8 de septiembre de 2021 y el 19 de septiembre de 2022 en México. La ubicación del epicentro, la profundidad, el mecanismo focal, la estación del año y las condiciones de fondo del Clima Espacial fueron similares para los dos EQ. La hora local y la magnitud fueron diferentes. Se observaron respuestas, en forma de ondas, en la serie temporal de TEC inclinado filtrado, después de ambos EQ, en trayectorias de rayos aislados entre satélites y receptores. Las variaciones irregulares superaron el nivel de fluctuación de fondo y no se repitieron en otros días. Su forma y escalas temporales permitieron asociarlas con las ondas acústicas-gravitacionales generadas por el desplazamiento vertical durante los poderosos EQ. El EQ nocturno del 8 de septiembre causó perturbaciones a escala media, caracterizadas por fluctuaciones de forma N y И en TEC, con un período de ~30 min y amplitudes de (0.1-0.2) TECU. La respuesta al EQ diurno del 19 de septiembre fue de dos tipos: perturbaciones a escala pequeña de forma N y И, con un período de ~15 min y amplitudes de (0.1-1.1) TECU; y perturbaciones a escala media de forma N, V, И y M, con un período de ~30 min y amplitudes de (0.1-0.2) TECU. Las conclusiones presentadas para la región mexicana son preliminares, ya que se necesitan más datos estadísticos.
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