Origin of voluminous mid-tertiary ignimbrites of the batopilas region, Chihuahua: implications for the formation of continental crust beneath the Sierra Madre Occidental
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Las ignimbritas riolíticas de la región de Batopilas, del norte de la Sierra Madre Occidental, están interestratificadas con un número menor de lavas andesíticas y dacíticas. Varias líneas de evidencia indican que esta serie andesita - dacita - riolita es co-magmática. Por ejemplo, esta serie es distinta químicamente de rocas Ígneas más jóvenes y más viejas de la misma región; no se observan variaciones sistemáticas en composición isotópica, y las variaciones en elementos-traza en la serie pueden ser modeladas por cálculos de fraccionación Rayleigh. Las variaciones en las concentraciones de Sr no concuerdan con un origen de fusión parcial para la serie y las riolitas parecen ser el producto de un sistema cerrado de cristalización fraccionada de magmas de una fuente subcortical. Los resultados adicionales publicados sobre riolitas terciarias de otras cuatro áreas de la Sierra Madre Occidental establecen que estas rocas son heterogéneas isotópicamente, al compararlas con las de Batopilas y que algunas de ellas contienen una componente cortical. La fuente sub-cortical debajo de la Sierra Madre Occidental tiene cocientes de 87Sr/86sr entre O. 7042 y O. 7050 y ENd cercanos a cero. La mayoría de las riolitas analizadas tienen razones iniciales de Sr menores de O. 7070 y sus composiciones isotópicas pueden explicarse por un modelo de asimilación y cristalización fraccionada que abarca menos del 25º/o de componente cortical. La extrusión de la secuencia Volcánica Superior y el emplazamiento del batolito marcaron un evento mayor de formación de corteza en el occidente de México.
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