Transporte atmosférico de vapor de agua sobre la región de América Tropical de mayo a septiembre de 1979
Main Article Content
Abstract
It is analyzed the monthly evolution of the horizontal atmospheric water vapor transport (total, advective and eddy) over the región 40°N a 20°S y I400W a 500W, from May 1st to September 15, 1979. The data is derived from the First GARP Global Experiment, obtained by the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts. The total zonal flux shows that the maximum eas.terly flux is over the tropics between 1 000 and 700 mb; there is a small westerly flux core located over the O- 10°N associated to the cross-equatorial flow from the southern hemisphere. The total meridional flux presents maximum values over the 1 000 to 850 mb layer and it is mainly controlled by the Hadley circulation, thus maintaining the meridional moisture gradient from the equator to the middle-latitudes. The zonal eddy (transient and permanent) flux is much weaker than the total flux; on the other hand the meridional eddy flux is of the same order of magnitude than the total meridional flux, specially outside the equatorial belt (10°N - 10°S), trying to homogenize the atmospheric moisture field. In particular, Mexico is strongly influenced by the easterly flux from the Atlantic Ocean, while over southwestern Mexico a weak summer monsoonal circulation is evidenced.
Publication Facts
Reviewer profiles N/A
Author statements
- Editor & editorial board
- profiles
- Academic society
- Geofísica Internacional
To learn about these publication facts, click 
PF is maintained by the Public Knowledge Project
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
BENTON, G. S. y M. A. ESTOQUE, 1954. Water vapor transfer over the North American Continent. J. Meteor., 1, 462-477. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1954)011<0462:WVTOTN>2.0.CO;2
BOOGAARD, M. E., 1964. A preliminary investigation of the daily meridional transfer of atmospheric water vapor between the ecuator to 40oN. Tellus 16, 43-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2153-3490.1964.tb00142.x
BUNKER, M. I., 1976. Computations of surface energy and annual air sea interaction cycles of the North Atlantic ocean. Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 1122-1140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1976)104<1122:COSEFA>2.0.CO;2
CHEN, T. C., 1985. Global water vapor flux and maintenance during FGGE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1801-1819. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1985)113<1801:GWVFAM>2.0.CO;2
CRAIG, R. A., 1965. The Upper Atmospheric Meteorology and Physics, A. P., New York, Inter. Geoph. Ser., 509 pp.
GODSKE, C. L., T. BERGERON, BJERKNES and BUNGAARD, 1957. Dynamic Meteorology and Weather Forecasting, American Meteorology Society, Massachusetts, 800 pp.
HASIMOTO, B. R., 1986. Flujo atmosférico de vapor de agua sobre América tropical durante Mayo a Septiembre de 1979. Tesis de Licenciatura. Escuela de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, B. C., 93 pp.
HASTENRATH, S. L., 1966. The flux of atmospheric water vapor over the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico. J. Appl. Meteor., 5, 778-788. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1966)005<0778:TFOAWV>2.0.CO;2
HOSKINS, B. J. y R. P. PEARCE, 1983. Large Scale Dynamical Processes in the Atmosphere. Academic Press (London), 397 pp.
HUTCHINGS, J. W., 1957. Water vapor flux and flux divergence over southern England: Summer 1954. Quart. J. Roy. Soc., 83(1), 30-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49708335504
JAMES, I. N. y D. L. ANDERSON, 1984. The seasonal mean flow and distribution of large-scale weather system in the southern hemisphere: The effect of moisture transport. Quart. J. R. Me t. Soc., 110, 943-966. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49711046609
NEWELL, R. E., J. W. KIDSON, D.G. VINCENT y G. S. BOER, 1972. The General Circulation of the Tropical Atmosphere. The M.I.T. Press Cambridge, N. A., Vol. I, 258. pp.
NIEUWOLT, S., 1977. Tropical Climatology, John Wiley and Sons, Londres, 207 pp.
PALMEN, E. y C. W. NEWTON, 1969. Atmospheric Circulations System. Academic Press, New York, Inter. Geoph. Ser., Vol. 13, 603 pp.
PEIXOTO, J. P. y A. OORT, 1983. The atmospheric branch of the hydrological cycle and climate. A. Street-Perrot et al. (eds.), Variation in the Global Water Vapor Budget, 5-65 pp. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6954-4_2
RASMUSSON, E. M., 1967. Atmospheric water vapor transport and the water balance of North America. Part I: Characteristic of water vapor flux field. Mon. Wea. Rev., 95, 403-426. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1967)095<0403:AWVTAT>2.3.CO;2
REYES, S. y D. L. CADET, 1986. Atmospheric water and surface flow patterns over the Tropical America during May-August 1979. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 582-593. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1986)114<0582:AWVASF>2.0.CO;2
REYES, S. y D. L. CADET, 1987. The southwest branch of the North American Monsoon during summer 1979. Aceptado para publicación en Mon. Wea. Rev. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1988)116<1175:TSBOTN>2.0.CO;2
REYES, S., D. VILLALOBOS, R. HASIMOTO y J. GARCIA, 1985. Analysis of the level III-b FGGE data set over the Tropical Americas. Reporte Técnico. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, B.C. N., México, 65 pp.
RIVERA V., 1985. Evolución de los campos de viento, divergencia y vorticidad sobre la región tropical de América, durante el período de 1979. Tesis de Licenciatura, Escuela de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja. California, Ensenada, B. C., 62 pp.
STARR, V. P. y J. P. PEIXOTO, 1964. The hemispheric eddy flux of water vapor and its implications for the mechanics of the general circulations. Arch. Meteor. Geoph. Biokl., 14, H, 2, 111-120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02247235
WHITE, R. M., 1951. The meridional eddy flux of energy. Quart. J. R. Meteor. Soc., 80, 188-199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49707733204