Análisis de estática residual en sísmica de reflexión desde el punto de vista de teoría inversa

Abstract

Even after proper field static corrections are applied, the lack of continuity in the reflection horizons in a seismic section can be attributed to residual static effects produced by lateral heterogeneities, topographic irregularities and/or changes in the velocity of the weathered layer. We have developed algorithms to obtain and apply residual statics corrections to seismic sections. The problem was tackled from the point of view of inverse theory. The algorithms have been tested using synthetic seismograms, generated from denoted as "pilot trace", which uses arrival times from Common Midpoint (CMP) gathers. We evaluate the associated time  anomalies for the source, the receiver and the structure at depth, with respect to the estimated times obtained from the inversion of the data. A regularized version of the minimum square estimator gave excellent results for the models studied.