Zona de cizalla Contreras, al sur de la Sierra de las Cruces: un ejemplo de la reactivación de fallas. Sector oriental del Cinturón Volcánico Transmexicano
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.2954436xe.2026.65.4.1925Palabras clave:
Zona de cizalla Contreras, Cinemática, Reactivación de fallas, Sierra de Las Cruces, Cuenca de MéxicoResumen
La Sierra de las Cruces (SC) es una cadena montañosa de origen volcánico ubicada en el sector oriental del Cinturón Volcánico Transmexicano. Esta sierra tiene una orientación NNW-SSE y está constituida por estratovolcanes y domos de lava de composición dacítica y andesítica del Plioceno-Pleistoceno. A pesar de que la SC es cortada por un complejo conjunto de fallas y que ha presentado actividad sísmica reciente, aún se desconocen aspectos relacionados con la cinemática, geometría, arreglo e historia de deformación de dichas fallas. En este trabajo se analizan las fallas con orientación NE-SW, poniendo énfasis en la zona de cizalla Contreras. Nuestros resultados revelan la existencia de tres familias de fallas en la SC, con orientaciones NNW-SSE, ~E-W y NE-SW. Las fallas ~ E-W presentan cinemática normal, mientras que las fallas NNW-SSE y NE-SW muestran cinemática oblicua con una componente normal dominante. Los análisis de Suma Normalizada de Correlación (SNC) indican que las fallas en la SC tienen un arreglo agrupado asociado con la reactivación de estructuras previas. La zona de cizalla Contreras presenta un rumbo NE-SW y tiene una longitud expuesta de 35 km y un ancho de 10 km.
Asimismo, está formada por un pilar tectónico limitado por fallas normales con una ligera componente lateral izquierda. Las direcciones de los esfuerzos principales en esta zona de cizalla tienen orientaciones de 175/60, 078/04 y 345/29 para σ1, σ2 y σ3, respectivamente. De acuerdo con nuestros resultados, se propone que la zona de cizalla Contreras es producto de la reactivación de estructuras previas en condiciones de deformación tridimensional.
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