The cosmic ray intensity variations and the electromagnetic states of the interplanetary space
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Abstract
Changes in the electromagnetic states of the interplanetary space produce temporal fluctuations in cosmic ray intensity as observed on the Earth. The changes in the interplanetary electromagnetic states are, on the other hand, brought about by solar wind. The study of cosmic ray intensity variations, therefore, provides an easy way to obtain information with respect to the parameters that characterize the solar wind at any given time. Evidence available from the study of quiet day solar diurnal variation of cosmic rays indicates that solar diurnal variation of cosmic rays indicates that solar wind velocity is usually above 100 Km/sec and that the wind velocity undergoes a 22·year cyclic change. Also it is demonstrated that the shift to earlier hours of the time of maximum of disturbed day solar diurnal variation observed during early stages of the cosmic ray storms enables one to choose between Parker's "blast wave" model and the "magnetic tongue" model advocated by Gold and others for the configuration of interplanetary magnetic field obtainable on geomagnetically disturbed days. Observations fit the blast wave model better. A qualitative model, in which solar wind plays a major role, is presented to explain the gross features of the secular variation of isotropic intensity of cosmic rays in terms of currently most accepted ideas. The model requires that the interplanetary magnetic field should extend over a distance amounting to several tens of astronomic units from the Sun.
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References
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