Plio-Quaternary tectonics of the Central Mexican Volcanic Belt and some constraints on its rifting mode
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Resumen
La estratigrafía y la estructura del sector central del Cinturón Volcánico Mexicano (CVM) fueron investigadas para reconstruir su evolución tectónica, la dirección de los esfuerzos y sus valores relativos. Fueron reconocidos tres periodos principales caracterizados por diferentes mecanismos de deformaci6n que están limitados al CVM y pueden ser agrupados en un ciclo de deformación línico. EI periodo de deformación del Plioceno Tardio se caracteriza por el desarrollo de fallas de rumbo inducidas por un esfuerzo principal máximo (r1) horizontal y de dirección ENE-OSO y un esfuerzo principal mínimo (r3) de NNO-SSE. Desde el Pleistoceno Temprano hasta el Pleistoceno Medio se ha desarrollado un fallamiento normal izquierdo de acuerdo con el mismo r3 y con un esfuerzo principal máximo horizontal (rhmax) de dirección ENE-OSO correspondiente al esfuerzo principal intermedio (r2), que en este caso se aproxima al valor de rl. En el Pleistoceno Tardio-Holoceno ocurrió un fallamiento normal producido por un r3 con una pequeña rotación en sentido izquierdo. Las estructuras desarrolladas durante estos periodos representan la expresi6n superficial de un cizallamiento izquierdo profundo de dirección Este-Oeste inicialmente paralelo y posteriormente divergente. Esta situación cinematic a y la uniformidad de las trayectorias de esfuerzo durante el PlioCuaternario sugieren la intervención de las fuerzas producidas por movimientos debidos a la tect6nica de placas y un modelo de "rifting" pasivo. En este sentido se considera que la gran cantidad de magma extruido está relacionada con una anomalía térmica producida por el proceso de "rifting" y que afecta también a la placa subducida.
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